Negative and positive sentiment among university students

Abstract

This research aims to reveal the negative and positive conscience and its relationship to positive thinking، to identify the moral differences for each of the variables of sex (male - female) and specialization (scientific - human) among a sample of Kirkuk University students.  The sample of the research reached (300) male and female students، preparing a scale tool to measure negative and positive affection، which consists of two dimensions: (after negative emotions: frustration، despair، shame، and social phobia، after positive emotions: self-esteem، happiness، sense of security، and orientation towards  life)، as the scale in its initial form consisted of (56) items، and the apparent validity of the scale was verified by presenting its paragraphs to a group of arbitrators، and (9) items were deleted from the experts، and after extracting the statistical characteristics of the scale’s items by means of the discrimination coefficient and the correlation coefficient.  For the items of the scale، the scale in its final form consists of (47) items. The stability of the scale was calculated by re-testing، so the negative sentiment reached (0.86)، while the positive sentiment reached (0.82) with regard to the first variable of the study.