The Effect of the K.W.L. Plus Strategy on Cognitive Achievement and Learning Some Basic Skills with the Ribbon Snake for Female Students in Rhythmic Gymnastics

Abstract

The sports field is one of the fields that focuses on modern strategies that connect what the student learns to their daily life, i.e., the transition from traditional education to positive, creative education. Among these strategies is the K.W.L. Plus strategy, which is considered a metacognitive strategy that guides learners, according to sequential steps and specific stages, to good interaction with topics in order to reach levels of understanding. The research aims to build a cognitive achievement test and identify the effect of the K.W.L. Plus strategy on cognitive achievement, and to identify the effect of the K.W.L. Plus strategy on learning some basic skills with the snake ribbon for female students in rhythmic gymnastics. The researcher assumed that there is a positive effect of the W.L. Plus strategy on the cognitive achievement of students in rhythmic gymnastics and that there is a positive effect of the Plus strategy on learning some basic skills with the snake ribbon tool for students in rhythmic gymnastics. The original research population consisted of (104) female students, with (40) students from the University of Babylon and (11) students from Al-Qasim Green University for the academic year (2024-2025). From this population, a construct sample of (45) female students was selected: (40) from the University of Babylon and (5) from Al-Qasim Green University. (40) female students were then selected as the main experimental sample from a total of (53) female students in the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, University of Babylon. (20) students formed the control group and (20) the experimental group for the academic year 2025-2026. The selection was done using simple random sampling. After obtaining the results, they were statistically processed, then presented in tables, analyzed, and discussed. In light of the discussion of the results, the study reached conclusions, and based on these conclusions, the following recommendations were made. The most prominent conclusions were:

1-The K.W.L. Plus strategy proved effective in developing the cognitive achievement of the experimental group students.

2-The program prepared according to the Plus strategy contributed to raising the level of skill performance in the skills studied. The most prominent recommendations were:

1-Directing physical education teachers not to limit themselves to traditional strategies and the necessity of teaching rhythmic gymnastics according to new strategies.

2-The necessity of focusing on theoretical concepts and linking them to the practical aspect during the implementation of the physical education lesson.